Conceptology of Muthbit (Establishing) Principle

Document Type : Research (Normal Review)

Authors

1 Assistant Professor at Research Institute of Imam Khomeini and Islamic Revolution; Zh_vatani@hotmail.com

2 PhD Student in Islamic Jurisprudence and Law at Research Institute of Imam Khomeini and Islamic Revolution (Corresponding Author); mohammadi.ahmad136912@gmail.com

3 Phd Student in Jurisprudence and Private law at Shahid Motahari University.

4 Master Student of Jurisprudence and Private Law at Shahid Motahari University.

Abstract

The Mujtahid (master jurist), after doubting in Ḥukm Taklīfī (defining law) and not finding ʼImārah (indication leading to a speculative reasoning), unavoidably performs practical principles to relieve confusion. Subjects which are the place of performance of practical principles may have with them inherent, implicant and attendant whether they are legal or non-legal or direct or indirect. In principles of Jurisprudence, the scope and validity of each of these cases is examined under the title of Muthbit Principle. Considering logical order, before discussing on validity this principle, one must first be introduced to the concept of Muthbit Principle and determine its scope as well. With a brief view at the provided definitions for Muthbit Principle by Usuli scholars, it can be clearly seen the essential difference between each of those definitions. Having used the analytical method, this study counted and criticized various definitions of Muthbit Principle. Finally, a comprehensive definition which can include all components of said principle has been provided. Muthbit Principle is a principle that, in order to achieve the legal ruling, seeks to prove inherent or non-legal intermediates, implicant or legal attendant which is arranged on legal and non-legal intermediates. So, legal intermediates which follow legal effects will also be a Muthbit Principle.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

دراسة لمفهوم «الأصل المثبِت»

Abstract [العربیة]

بعد الشک فی الحکم التکلیفی وعدم إیجاد الأمارة یغدو المجتهد مضطرا لتطبیق الأصول العملیة لرفع الحیرة فی مقام العمل، ویمکن للموضوعات التی تکون مجاری للأصول العملیة أن تکون مصحوبة بلازم أو ملازم أو ملزومات سواء کانت شرعیة أو غیر شرعیة وسواء کانت بواسطة أو من دونها، وتتم دراسة نطاق وحجیّة کلّ واحد من الموارد السابقة فی أصول الفقه تحت عنوان "الأصل المثبت". مع الأخذ بعین الاعتبار الترتیب المنطقی یجب قبل الخوض فی حجیة هذا الأصل التعرف بدایة على مفهوم الأصل المثبت، وکذلک تحدید نطاق استعماله، وبنظرة إجمالیة إلى تعاریف علماء الأصول لمفهوم "الأصل المثبت" یمکن بوضوح ملاحظة الاختلافات الماهویة الموجودة بین کلّ اثنین من هذه التعاریف.

عمدنا فی هذا البحث متبعین المنهج التحلیلی إلى إحصاء ونقد مختلف التعاریف المقدمة للأصل المثبت، ومن ثمّ قدمنا تعریفاً جامعا یمکنه أن یشمل جمیع عناصر الأصل المذکور.

الأصل المثبت هو الأصل الذی یثبت الوسائط غیر الشرعیة أو اللازم أو الملزوم أو الملازم الشرعیة المترتبة على الوسائط الشرعیة وغیر الشرعیة بهدف الوصول إلى الحکم الشرعی، وبناء علیه فإنّ الوسائط الشرعیة التی یترتب علیها آثار شرعیة سوف تکون من مصادیق الأصل المثبت.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • المفهوم
  • الأصل المثبت
  • حجیّة الأصل المثبت
  • الأصول العملیة
  • الاستصحاب

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Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 7, Issue 1 - Serial Number 22
Articles
May 2021
Pages 35-57

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History

  • Receive Date: 26 November 2019
  • Revise Date: 03 June 2020
  • Accept Date: 06 June 2020

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