Criticizing the Principle of Validity of ‘Priority the Corruption Prevention on Expediency Attracting’

Document Type : Research (Normal Review)

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Jurisprudence and Principle of Islamic Law at Ferdowsi Universiy of Mashhad.- Iran; (Corresponding Author)

2 Student of Jurisprudence and Principle of Islamic Law at Ferdowsi Universiy of Mashhad- Iran

Abstract

Abstract
The principle of ‘Priority the corruption prevention on expediency attracting’ is one of Fiqhi principles which has been cited in various Fiqhi and Usuli issues, but not independently examined. With a descriptive-analytical approach, this study shows that although some contemporary thinkers have denied the implementation of this principle in legal issues, there are many reasons for its validity. The false imagination which says that the concept of this principle is the priority of absolute corruption on absolute expediency is the most important origination of denial of that principle. Since this principle is concerned with genus and nature of corruption and expediency, it is not inconsistent to give priority to one of the expediency’s items for another reason over corruption. With this explanation, it is clear that this principle come up under Aham (the most important) principle. In such a way, what is the most important one takes precedence in the conflict between corruption and expediency, and corruption prevention takes precedence in the case of equality.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

نقد حجیّة قاعدة أولویة دفع المفسدة على جلب المصلحة

Abstract [العربیة]

تعدّ قاعدة أولویة دفع المفسدة على جلب المصلحة من القواعد الفقهیة التی یُستَندُ إلیها فی مختلف المسائل الفقهیة والأصولیة، ولکنّها إلى الآن لم تُدرَس دراسة مستقلة.
تُبیّن هذه الدراسة القائمة على المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی أنّه على الرغم من أنّ بعض العلماء المعاصرین ینکرون جریان هذه القاعدة فی الأمور الشرعیة؛ إلّا أنّه یوجد عدد من الأدلّة على حجیتها.
أهم أسباب إنکار حجیّة هذه القاعدة هو التصور الخاطئ بأنّ مفاد هذه القاعدة هو تقدم دفع مطلق المفسدة على مطلق المصلحة؛ فی حینّ أنّ هذه القاعدة ناظرة إلى جنس المصلحة والمفسدة وطبیعتیهما ولیس إلى جمیع أفرادهما، وبناءً علیه لا منافاة بین حجیة القاعدة وبین أن یکون أحد أفراد المصلحة مقدما بدلیل آخر على أحد أفراد دفع المفسدة.
وبهذا البیان یُعلم أنّ هذه القاعدة تُساق فی ذیل قاعدة تقدیم الأهم، وتوضیحه أنّه عند تعارض المصلحة ودفع المفسدة یُصار إلى تقدیم الأهم منهما، وفی حالة المساواة یکون دفع المفسدة هو المقدّم. واستکمالا لدراسة حجیّة القاعدة المذکورة عمدنا إلى عرض أدلة مخالفی القاعدة مع نقد وتحلیل هذه الأدلة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • قواعد الفقه
  • قاعدة أولویة دفع المفسدة
  • درء المفاسد
  • دفع المضرة

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Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 7, Issue 2 - Serial Number 23
Articles
June 2021
Pages 7-40

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  • Receive Date: 18 January 2019
  • Revise Date: 22 February 2020
  • Accept Date: 27 May 2020

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