The Scope of the Principle of Lā Ta‘ād in Terms of Perceptual States with an Emphasis on Āyatollāh al-Hā’irī’s Point of View

Ahangaran, Mohammad Rasool; Ahangaran, Mohammad Hossein

doi:10.22034/jrj.2022.64924.2546

The Scope of the Principle of Lā Ta‘ād in Terms of Perceptual States with an Emphasis on Āyatollāh al-Hā’irī’s Point of View

Document Type : Research (Normal Review)

Authors

¹ Professor, University of Tehran, Campus Farabi, Tehran, Iran .ahangaran@ut.ac.ir

² BA student of law; University of Tehran, Campus Farabi, Tehran, Iran

10.22034/jrj.2022.64924.2546

Abstract

The principle of Lā Ta‘ād is one of the most important jurisprudential principles in the subject of ṣalāh (prayer) and it is supported by authentic narrations. The mentioned principle has been examined from several aspects among the jurists, one of which is the examination of the scope of this principle according to the perceptual states of knowledge, ignorance, and oblivion of mukallaf (the one charged with a duty) towards the ruling. One of the jurists who discussed and commented on this issue was Muḥaqqiq al-Hā’irī. He finally denied the inclusion of this principle in the three cases mentioned above, while the renowned majority of the jurists have not accepted the inclusion of this principle only for the first two states. The result of the present study, after examining and criticizing the reasons presented by him and other jurists, is that the main criterion for the inclusion or exclusion of this principle is holding the title of the excuse. Since this issue is excluded in the case of the two states of knowledge and ignorance of fault toward the ḥukm (ruling), therefore the two mentioned states are out of the scope of the principle. However, due to the cases of ignorance of fault and obliviousness, the ḥukm will be within the scope of this principle. The present study was written using the descriptive-analytical method and library information.

Keywords

20.1001.1.24767565.1401.8.3.6.8

Main Subjects

Approaches of Jurisprudence and Principles of Jurisprudence

Article Title [العربیة]

شمول قاعدة لا تعاد من حیث الصور الإدراکیة مع الترکیز على رأی المحقق الحائری(ره)

Abstract [العربیة]

تعدّ قاعدة لا تعاد من أهم القواعد الفقهیة فی موضوع الصلاة، وهی قاعدة تستند إلى روایات معتبرة، وقد خضعت هذه القاعدة لتمحیص الفقهاء ودراستهم من عدة جوانب، ومنها دراسة شمول هذه القاعدة بالنظر إلى حالات المکلف الإدراکیة بالنسبة للحکم؛ وهی العلم والجهل والنسیان.

کان المحقق الحائری أحد الفقهاء الذین درسوا قاعدة لا تعاد من هذه الناحیة، حیث ذهب لإنکار شمول القاعدة للصور الثلاث المذکورة؛ فی حین أنّ مشهور الفقهاء ذهبوا بعدم شمول القاعدة للصورتین الأولى والثانیة فقط.

بعد دراسة ونقد رأی المحقق الحائری وآراء سائر الفقهاء وصلت الدراسة الحالیة لنتیجة مفادها أنّ المعیار الأساس فی شمول وعدم شمول هذه القاعدة هو صدق عنوان العذر، وباعتبار أنّ هذا الأمر غیر محقق فی صورتی العلم والجهل التقصیری بالحکم بالتالی تخرج هاتان الصورتان عن شمول القاعدة بینما تدخل فیها صورتا الجهل القصوری بالحکم ونسیانه، أُعد البحث الحالی وفق المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی استنادا إلى البیانات المکتبیة.

Keywords [العربیة]

لا تعاد
الإخلال
العلم
الجهل
النسیان
الإجزاء
شروط الصلاة

Full Text

به فایل PDF مراجعه نمایید

References

The Holy Qurʼān

Ibn Manẓūr, Muḥammad Ibn Mukarram. 1993/1414. Lisān al-ʻArab. 3rd. Beirut: Dār al-Fīkr.

al-Arākī, Muḥammad ʻAlī. 2000/1421. Kitāb al-Ṣalāt. Qom: The Office of Āyatollāh.

Ismā‘īl-Pūr Qomishih-yī, Muḥammad ʻAlī. 2016/1395. Majma‘ al-Afkār wa Maṭraḥ al-Anẓār. Taqrīrāt Buḥūth Āyatollāh Mīrzā Hāshim Āmulī. 1^st. Qom: Maṭba‘at al-‘Ilmīyah.

al-Iīrawānī, Muḥammad Bāqir. 2005/1426. Durūs Tamhīdīyah fī al-Qawā‘id al-Fiqhīyah. 3^rd. Qom: Dār al-Fiqh.

Mūsawī Bujnurdī, Sayyid Muḥammad. 1998/1419. Qavāʻid-i Fiqhīyyi. Qom: Nashr al-Hādī.

Al-Burūjirdī, Mutaḍā. 1986/1364. Mustanad al-‘Urwat al-Wuthqā (Taqrīrāt Buḥūth Āyatollāh Khuʼī). 1^st. Qom: Maṭba‘at al-‘Ilmīyah.

al-Jawharī, Ismāʻil Ibn Ḥammād. 1991/1410. al-Ṣiḥaḥ:Tāj al-Lughat wa Ṣiḥaḥ al-ʻArabīyyah. 1^st. Edited by Aḥmad ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAṭār. Beirut: Dār al-ʻIlm lī al-Malāyīn.

Ḥāʻirī Yazdī, ʻAbd al-Karīm. 1984/1362. Kitāb al-Ṣalāt.1^st. Qom: Būstān-i Kitāb-i Qom (Intishārāt-i Daftar-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī-yi Ḥawzi-yī ʻIlmīyyi-yi Qom).

Ḥāʻirī Yazdī, ʻAbd al-Karīm.1999/1420. Khilal al-Ṣalāt wa Aḥkāmih. 1^st. Qom: Būstān-i Kitāb-i Qom (Intishārāt-i Daftar-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī-yi Ḥawzi-yī ʻIlmīyyi-yi Qom).

al-Ḥillī, Muḥammad Ibn Ḥasan (Fakhr al-Muḥaqqiqīn). 1967/1387. Īḍāḥ al-Fawāʻid fī Sharḥ Mushkilāt al-Qawāʻid. Edited by Sayyid Ḥusayn Mūsawī Kirmānī, ʻAlī Panāh Ishtihārdī and ʻAbd al-Raḥīm Burujirdī. Qom: Muʼassasat Ismāʻīlīyān.

al-Khurāsānī, Muhammad Kāẓim (al-Ākhund al-Khurasāni). 1989/1409. Kifāyat al-Ūṣūl. Qom: Muʻassasat Āl al-Bayt li Iḥyāʻ al-Turāth.

al-Mūsawī al-Khumaynī, al-Ṣayyid Rūḥ Allāh (al-Imām al-Khumaynī). n.d. al-Khilal fī al-Ṣalāt. 1^st. Qom: Mihr.

al-Ḥusaynī al-Rawḥānī, al-Sayyid Ṣadiq. 1991/1412. Fiqh al-Ṣādiq. Qom: Muʼassasat al-Imām al-Sādiq.

Al-Zubaydī, Sayyid Muḥammad. 1994/1414. Tāj al-‘Arūs fī Jawāhir al-Qāmūs. 1^st. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.

al-Sabzawārī, al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Aʻlā. 1992/1413. Muhaḍhḍhab al-Aḥkām fī Bayān al-Ḥalāl wa al-Ḥarām. 4^th. Qom: Muʼassasat al-Manār.

Ibn Bābiwayh al-Qommī, Muḥammad Ibn ʻAlī (al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq). 1983/1362. al-Khiṣāl. 2nd. Qom: Muʼassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī li Jamāʻat al-Mudarrisīn.

Ibn Bābiwayh al-Qummī, Muḥammad Ibn ʿAlī (al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq). 2008/1429. Man Lā Yahḍuruh al-Faqīh. Qom: Maṭba‘at al-‘Ilmīyah

Ibn Bābiwayh al-Qummī, Muḥammad Ibn ʿAlī (al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq). 1989/1410. Al-Hidāyat bi al-Khayr, the third Volume of the book Silsilat al-Yanābi‘ al-Fiqhīyah. 1^st. Beirut: Dār al-Turāth.

al-Ṭūsī, Muḥammad Ibn Ḥasan (al-Shaykh al-Ṭūsī). 1984/1363. Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʻat lil Shaykh al-Mufīd. Qom: Maktabat al-Farāhānī.

Al-Kāẓimī, Muḥammad ‘Alī. 1990/1411. Kitāb al-Ṣalāt (Taqrīrāt al-Buḥūth Mīrzā al-Nāʼīnī. 1^st. Qom: Muʼassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī li Jamāʻat al-Mudarrisīn.

Al-Qazwīnī, Sayyid ‘Alī. 2006/1427. Al-Ijtihād wa al-Taqlīd. 1^st. Qom: Muʼassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī li Jamāʻat al-Mudarrisīn.

al-Kulaynī al-Rāzī, Muḥammad Ibn Yaʻqūb (al-Shaykh al-Kulayni). 1987/1407. Uṣūl al-Kāfī. Edited by ʻAlī Akbar Ghaffārī and Muḥammad Ākhundī. 4^th. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyah.

Ma‘rifat, Muḥammad Hādī. 1971/1391. Naẓrat Mustu‘ibat fī Ḥadīth Lā Tu‘ād.1^st. Najaf.

Makārim Shīrāzi, Nāṣir. 1990/1411. Al-Qawā‘id al-Fiqhīyah. 3^rd. Qom: Madrasi-yi Imām ʻAli Ibn Abī Ṭālib.

Muwaḥidī-Lankarānī, Muḥammad. 1956/1376. Nihāyat al-Taqrīr. 1^st. Qom: Dār al-Ḥikmah.

al-Najafī, Muḥammad Ḥasan. 1983/1404. Jawāhir al-Kalām fī Sharḥ Sharāʻiʻ al-Islām. 7^th. Edited by ʻAbbās al-Qūchānī. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʼ al-Turāth al-ʻArabī.

al-Hāshimī al-Shāhrūdī, al-Sayyid Maḥmūd. 2011/1433.Qirāʼāt al-Fiqhīyat al-Mu‘āṣirat. 1^st. Qom: Muʼassasat al-Maʻārif al-Islāmīyya.

Hamidānī, Riḍā. n.d. Miṣbāḥ al-Faqīh (Kitāb al-Ṣalāt). 1^st. Qom: Maktabat al-Dāwarī.

Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology

Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 28
Articles
Special Issue of the Congress of the 100th year of the Re-Establishment of Qom Seminary and Honring Āyatollāh ‘Abd al-Karīm Ḥāʼirī Yazdī
November 2022
Pages 159-186

The Scope of the Principle of Lā Ta‘ād in Terms of Perceptual States with an Emphasis on Āyatollāh al-Hā’irī’s Point of View

Full Text

References

Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 28
Articles
Special Issue of the Congress of the 100th year of the Re-Establishment of Qom Seminary and Honring Āyatollāh ‘Abd al-Karīm Ḥāʼirī Yazdī
November 2022
Pages 159-186

Files

History

Share

How to cite

Statistics

Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 28 ArticlesSpecial Issue of the Congress of the 100th year of the Re-Establishment of Qom Seminary and Honring Āyatollāh ‘Abd al-Karīm Ḥāʼirī YazdīNovember 2022Pages 159-186

Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 28
Articles
Special Issue of the Congress of the 100th year of the Re-Establishment of Qom Seminary and Honring Āyatollāh ‘Abd al-Karīm Ḥāʼirī Yazdī
November 2022
Pages 159-186