An Investigation into the Ruling of ‘Iddah in Different Forms of Artificial Insemination from the Perspective of Imāmīyyah Jurisprudence

Document Type : Research (Normal Review)

Author

Higher Level Instructor in Islamic Seminary, Graduate Level Four of Qom Islamic Seminary, Teacher of al-Mustafa International University,

Abstract

One of the certain rulings in Islamic sharī’ah is the proof of ‘iddah (waiting period) for a woman in various situations such as the death of her husband, divorce from her husband, and intercourse by mistake. For this Islamic ruling, many philosophies have been expressed, such as preventing mixing and mistaking lineage, honouring the right lineage, and the dignity of the woman. In most cases, the proven of ‘iddah for a woman depends on marital relationship and sexual intercourse. But today, with the advancement of science and technology in medical issues and the emergence of new reproductive methods through artificial insemination, and sperm and egg injection without any sexual intercourse, it is possible for a woman to become pregnant. Therefore, Islamic jurisprudence has faced the question that, is the ‘iddah proven for the woman in cases of artificial insemination or not. This research is looking for a jurisprudential well-reasoned answer about the ruling on the proof of ‘iddah of couples in different methods of artificial insemination, which after dealing with argumentative and ijtihādī issues and examining the views of jurists, it has been concluded that the “evacuation of semen” in the woman’s womb with new methods of artificial insemination is also proven the ‘iddah for the woman, and sexual intercourse are not relevant for the ruling to prove the ‘iddah. Consequently, in the case of sperm injection to a single woman or a married woman, it is proven the ‘iddah for artificial insemination, and this woman should avoid sexual pleasures as will be detailed later.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

دراسة حکم العدة فی مختلف صور التلقیح الصناعی من وجهة نظر الفقه الإمامی

Abstract [العربیة]

من الأحکام المسلمة فی الشریعة الإسلامیة هی عدة المرأة فی حالات مختلفة منها وفاة الزوج، أو الطلاق، أو وطء الشبهة، والتی ذُکر لها علل متعددة منها:حفظ النسب من اختلاطه واشتباهه، والتّنویه بشأن أمر النّسب الصحیح، وکرامة المرأة.
فی معظم الحالات، یتفرّع إثبات العدة للمرأة على العلاقة الزوجیة والجماع، ولکن الیوم مع تقدم العلم والتکنولوجیا فی القضایا الطبیة وظهور طرق جدیدة للخصوبة من خلال التلقیح الصناعی وحقن الحیوانات المنویة والبویضات، وبدون أی مقاربة وجماع، یتم توفیر إمکانیة الحمل للمرأة.
وعلیه فقد واجه الفقه الإسلامی سؤالاً مفاده أنه هل یمکن الحکم على ثبوت العدة للمرأة فی حالات التلقیح الصناعی أم لا؟
تبحث هذه الدراسة عن إجابة فقهیة مستدلة حول حکم ثبوت العدة للمرأة فی الطرق المختلفة للتلقیح الصناعی، والتی وصلت فی النهایة وبعد تناول المباحث الاستدلالیة والاجتهادیة ودراسة آراء الفقهاء، إلى أن "إفراغ المنی" فی رحم المرأة بالطرق الجدیدة للتلقیح الصناعی سیثبت أیضًا العدة للمرأة، وأن الجماع والمقاربة لا صلة لهما بالحکم بثبوت العدة.
لذلک فی حالة حقن الحیوانات المنویة (السائل المنوی) لامرأة عازبة أو متزوجة بالتلقیح الصناعی، تثبت العدة للمرأة ویجب علیها تجنب الاستمتاعات الجنسیة فی هذه الفترة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • العدة
  • آراء الفقهاء
  • التلقیح الصناعی
  • المرأة
  • الزوج

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Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 8, Issue 4 - Serial Number 29
Articles
March 2023
Pages 107-131

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History

  • Receive Date: 01 July 2020
  • Revise Date: 02 January 2021
  • Accept Date: 06 January 2021

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