Psychoanalytic Therapy Session and Obligatory Ruling of Privacy with Non-Maḥrams

Document Type : Research (Fast Track Review)

Author

Assistant Professor Of Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Razavi University of Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

One of the most important rules in psychoanalytic sessions is that the client tells him what is going through his mind in a safe environment without the presence of anyone but the therapist. Given that many clients need to refer to a therapist of the opposite sex, the question arises what is the obligatory ruling of privacy between a therapist and a non-same-sex client? In order to answer this question, the ruling of being alone with non-maḥrams has been analyzed in this study. The result of this jurisprudential analysis is that according to the plurality of aḥādīth, the forbidding from the shāri’ (holy lawmaker) in this case is generally consistent. But it is not possible to infer the ḥurmat al-mawlawīyyah (obligatory prohibition) of being alone with non-maḥrams from these aḥādīth, because the forbidding in these aḥādīth is irshādī (advisory). Based on this, privacy between the therapist and the non-same-sex client is also not ḥarām (forbidden) in terms of obligatory ruling. In the continuation of this study, the prohibition of this act is also examined through its muqaddimī (precedence), and the conclusion is reached that the prohibition of this act cannot be proven in this way either. Because this action is not done with the intention of committing fi’l-ḥarām (a forbidden act), and if the necessary rules in psychoanalytic sessions are followed, it does not lead to a forbidden act. In this assumption, it is not possible to infer the ḥurmat al-taklīfīyyah (obligatory prohibition) of performing the introduction based on any of the various bases. If the theory of some jurists regarding the prohibition of privacy with non-maḥrams in case of the possibility of mafsadah (sin) is accepted, then the privacy between a therapist and a non-same-sex client will not be ḥurmat al-mawlawīyyah, because if the psychoanalytic sessions are conducted properly, the possibility of mafsadah will be minimized and the condition of prohibition of privacy with the non-maḥrams will not be fulfilled.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

جلسة التحلیل النفسی والحکم الشرعی للخلوة بالأجنبیة

Abstract [العربیة]

من أهم القواعد فی جلسات التحلیل النفسی هو أن یخبر العمیلُ المعالج بما یدور فی ذهنه فی بیئة آمنة، وبدون وجود أی شخص غیر المعالج.
فبالنظر إلى أن العدید من المراجعین یحتاجون إلى الرجوع إلى محلل نفسی من الجنس الآخر، فإن السؤال الذی یطرح نفسه هو، ما هو الحکم الشرعی للخلوة بین المحلل النفسی وطالب العلاج من الجنس الآخر؟
للإجابة على هذا السؤال فقد تناول المؤلف فی هذا المقال، حکم الخلوة بالأجنبی.
ونتیجة هذه الدراسة الفقهیة أنه بناءً على کثرة الروایات؛ فإنَّ النهی من الشارع فی هذه الحالة ثابت إجمالاً، ولکن لا یمکن استنباط الحرمة المولویة للخلوة بالأجنبیة، لأن النهی فی هذه الأحادیث إرشادی.
على هذا الأساس، فإن الخلوة بین المحلل النفسی والمراجع من الجنس الآخر لیس محرما أیضا من حیث التکلیف.
کما تم دراسة حرمة الخلوة من جهة کونها مقدمة للحرام، وخلص إلى أن حرمة هذا العمل لا یمکن إثباتها من هذا الطریق أیضا، لأن هذا الفعل لا یتم بقصد ارتکاب عمل محرَّم، وإذا اتبعت القواعد اللازمة فی التحلیل النفسی، فهذا العمل لا یؤدی إلى فعل محرم شرعاً.
فی هذا الفرض، وبناءً على جمیع المبانی المختلفة، لا یمکن استنتاج الحرمة الشرعیة على فعل المقدمات.
وإذا قبلنا نظریة بعض الفقهاء فی حرمة الخلوة مع غیر المحارم فی حالة احتمال الوقوع فی المفسدة، فإنه رغم ذلک لاتکون الخلوة بین المحلل النفسی والمراجع المختلفین جنسیاً حراماً مولویاً، لأنه إذا أجریت جلسات التحلیل النفسی بشکل صحیح، فسوف تنخفض احتمالیة الوقوع فی المفسدة ولا تتحقق حرمة الخلوة بالأجنبیة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • التحلیل النفسی والفقه
  • الخلوة بالأجنبیة
  • النهی الإرشادی

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Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 8, Issue 4 - Serial Number 29
Articles
March 2023
Pages 75-106

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 November 2020
  • Revise Date: 16 July 2021
  • Accept Date: 26 July 2021

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