ʻAllāmah Martyr Ṣadr’s Innovations in the Science of Uṣūl as a Theory of Inference

Document Type : Research (Fast Track Review)

Authors

1 Department of Jurisprudence, Akhund Khorasani Specialty Center of Islamic Propagation Office of Qom Seminary, Khorasan Razavi Branch

2 University of Islamic Denominations

Abstract

Jurisprudential methodology is one of the issues of fiqh philosophy and also a description of the process of obtaining jurisprudential knowledge. Studying the jurisprudential works of Martyr al-Ṣadr from a methodological point of view shows that he organized the method of jurisprudence in two stages; theory and comparison (taṭbīq). “Theory” means the common elements and “comparison” means the specific elements in inference processes. His creativity and innovations in the issue of common elements have opened new and different horizons in the analysis of jurisprudence issues. Providing an explanation of these innovations in the theory stage leads to the re-examination of the dimensions and sides of his methodological point of view. In order to determine the position of common elements in jurisprudential inference, Shahīd al-Ṣadr has provided an innovative structure and also provided a new content system. In terms of content, she has mentioned the truth and levels of rule (ḥukm), Tazāḥum-e Ḥifẓī, analytical relation in the literal meaning, the rational attitude (sirah al-ʻuqalāyī), ḥisāb al-iḥtimālāt, ḥaqq al-ṭāʻah, etc. How these elements influence the emergence of different jurisprudential results is considered a clear press. The descriptive-analytical method in the processing stage and the library method in the information gathering stage have been used in the present study.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

إبداعات العلامة الشهید الصدر فی علم الأصول کنظریة فی الاستنباط

Abstract [العربیة]

تعتبر المنهجیة الفقهیة من مسائل فلسفة الفقه، وکذلک وصفا لعملیة الوصول إلى المعرفة الفقهیة. تبین الدراسة المنهجیة لمؤلفات الشهید الصدر الفقهیة أنه "ره" رتّب المنهج الفقهی على مرحلتین: "النظریة" و"التطبیق"، وتعنی النظریة؛ العناصر المشترکة، والتطبیق العناصر الخاصة فی عملیة الاستنباط؛ فقد فتحت إبداعاته وابتکاراته فی مجال العناصر المشترکة آفاقًا جدیدة ومختلفة فی تحلیل المسائل الفقهیة.

یؤدی تقدیم شرح لهذه الابداعات فی مرحلة النظریة إلى إعادة فحص أبعاد وجوانب وجهة نظره المنهجیة، فقد قدم الشهید الصدر "ره" هیکلًا مبتکرًا ونظام محتوى جدیدًا وذلک من أجل تحدید موقع العناصر المشترکة فی الاستدلال الفقهی.

فقد أشار فی بعد المحتوى والمضمون إلى حقیقة الحکم ومراتبه، والتزاحم الحفظی، والنسبة التحلیلیة فی المعنی الحرفی، والسیرة العقلائیة، وحساب الاحتمالات، وحق الطاعة وغیر ذلک... وتعتبر طریقة تأثیر هذه العناصر فی ظهور نتائج فقهیة مختلفة حصیلة منهجیة.

استخدم هذا المقال المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی فی مرحلة المعالجة، والمنهج المکتبی فی مرحلة جمع المعلومات.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • المنهجیة الفقهیة
  • المنهج الفقهی للشهید الصدر "قدس سره"
  • حساب الاحتمالات
  • الاستنطاق
  • النظریة
  • العناصر المشترکة

Full Text

در دست اقدام  ... ..

References

The Holy Qurʼān
al-Gharawī al-Iṣfahānī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn (al-Muḥaqqiq al-Iṣfaḥānī). 2008/1429. Nihāyat al-Dirāya fī Sharḥ al-Kifāya. 2nd. Beirut: Muʼassasat  Āl al-Bayt lī Iḥyāʼ al-Turāth.
al-Mūsawī al-Bujnurdī, al-Sayyid Ḥasan. n.d. Muntahā al-ʻUṣūl.Qom: Maktabat Baṣīratī.
al-Badawī, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān. 1977. Minhaj al-Baḥth al-ʻIlmī. 2nd. Kuwait: Wikālat al-Maṭbūʻāt.
Pārsānīyā, Ḥamīd. 2004/1383. Rawish Shināsī-yi Andīshih-yi Sīyāsī. Bāqir al-ʻUlūm University. No, 2, 28.
Ḥusayn-Zādih, Muḥammad. 2017/1396. Rawish-i Taḥqīq wa Rawish Shināsī Pazhūhish dar Maʻrifat Shināsī. Qom: Muʾassisi-yi Āmūzishī wa Pazhūhishī-yi Imām Khumaynī.
Ḥaqqī, ʻAlī. 2002/1381. Quzarī az Rawish Shināsī-yi ʻIlm bih Rawish Sitīzī-yi ʻIlm. Journal of Mashhad Theology Faculty, 56,23-62.
al-Ṭabāṭabāʼī  al-Ḥakīm, al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 2007/1428. Al-Imām al-Shahīd al-Ṣadr. Kuwait: al-Quds lil Ṭibāʻat wa al-Nashr.
al-Khurāsānī, Muhammad Kāẓim (al-Ākhund al-Khurasāni). 1989/1410. Durar al-Fawāʼid fī al-Ḥāshīyat ʻalā al-Farāʼid. Tehran: Muʼasassat al-Ṭabʻ wa al-Nashr.
Al-Kāẓimī al-Khurāsānī, Muḥammad ‘Alī. 1987/1407. Fawāʼid al-Uṣūl. Qom: Muʼassasat  alṬabʻ wa al-Nashr al-Tābiʻat li Wizārat al-Thiqāfat wa al-Irshād al-Islāmī.
al-Khurāsānī, Muhammad Kāẓim (al-Ākhund al-Khurasāni). 2004/1425. Kifāyat al-Ūṣūl. 9th. Qom: Muʼassasat  al-Nashr al-Islāmī li Jamāʻat al-Mudarrisīn.
Khusrupanāh, ʻAbd al-Ḥusayn. 2006/1385. Falsafih-hāyi Muḍāf. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Farhang wa Andīshih-yi Islāmī.
al-Subḥānī al-Tabrīzī, Jaʿfar.. 2003/1382. Tahḍhīb al-Uṣūl. (Taqrīrāt Baḥth al-Imām al-Khumaynī). Qom: Dār al-Fikr.
al-Mūsawī al-Khumaynī, al-Ṣayyid Rūḥ Allāh (al-Imām al-Khumaynī). 1994/1415. Mihāj al-Wuṣūl ʼIlā ʻIlm al-Uṣūl. Qom: Muʼassasat  Tanẓīm wa Nashr Āthār al-Imām al-Khumaynī
al-Khumaynī, al-Sayyid Muṣṭafā. 1998/1418. Taḥrīr fī al-Uṣūl. Qom: Muʻassasat Tanẓīm wa Nashr Āthār al-Imām al-Khumaynī.
al-Mūsawī al-Khuʾī, al-Sayyid Abū al-Qāsim. 1996/1417. Muḥāḍirāt fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh. Qom: Muʾassasat Anṣārīyān li al-Ṭibāʿa wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzīʿ.
al-Mūsawī al-Khuʼī, al-Sayyid Abū al-Qāsim. 2002/1422. Miṣbāḥ al-Uṣūl. 5th. Taqrīrāt Sayyid Muḥammad Surūr Wāʻiẓ Ḥusaynī. Qom: Maktabat al-Dāwarī.
al-Sabzawārī, al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Aʻlā. n.d. Tahdhīb al-Uṣūl. 2nd. Qom: Muʼassisat al-Minār.
al-Ṣadr, al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 2012/1434. Buḥūth al-Islāmīyat wa Mawāḍīʻ al-Ukhrā. 4th. Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyah.
al-Ṣadr, al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 2012/1391. Buḥūth fī Sharḥ al-ʻUrwat al-Wuthqā. Najaf: Maṭbaʻat al-Ādāb.
al-Ṣadr, al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 2011/1433. Buḥūth fī ʻIlm al-Uṣūl. Taqrīr (transcribed by) Sayyid Maḥmūd al-Hāshimī al-Shāhrūdī. Qom: Muʼasassat Dāʼirat al-Maʻārif Fiqh al-Islāmī.
ʻAbd al-Sātir, Ḥasan. 1996/1417. Buḥūth fī ʻIlm al-Uṣūl (Taqrīr Buḥūth al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqīr al-Ṣadr). Beirut: al-Dār al-Islāmīyya.
al-Ṣadr, al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 1996/1417. Durūs fī ʻIlm al-Uṣūl. 4th. Qom: Muʼassasat  al-Nashr al-Islāmī li Jamāʻat al-Mudarrisīn.
al-Ṣadr, al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 1987/1408. Mabāḥith al-Uṣūl. Taqrīr (written by) Kāẓim al-Ḥusaynī al-Ḥāʼirī. Qom: Maktabat al-Iʼlām al-Islāmī.
al-Ṣadr, al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 2000/1421. Al-Maʻālim al-Jadīdat lil Uṣūl. Qom: Markaz al-Shahīdayn al-Ṣadrayn lil Dirāsāt wa al-Buḥūth.
al-Ṣadr, al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 2012/1434. Al-Madrisat al-Qurʼānīyah. Qom: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyah.
al-Āmulī, Hāshim. 1950/1370. Badāʾiʿ al-Afkār (Taqrīrāt Buḥūth al-Muḥaqqiq al-ʿIrāqī). Najaf: al-Maṭbaʿa al-ʿIlmīyya.
al-Faḍlī, ʿAbd al-Hādī. 1991/1412. Uṣūl al-Baḥth. Beirut: Dār al-Muwarikh al-ʻArabī.
al-Gharawī al-Nāʼīnī, Mīrzā Muḥammad Ḥusayn (al-Muḥaqqiq al-Nāʼīnī, Mīrzā Nāʼīnī). 1973/1352. Ajwad al-Taqrīrāt. Taqrīrāt al-Sayyid al-Khuʼī). Qom: Maṭbaʻat al-ʻIrfān.
al-Gharawī al-Nāʼīnī, Mīrzā Muḥammad Ḥusayn (al-Muḥaqqiq al-Nāʼīnī, Mīrzā Nāʼīnī). 2017/1438. Fawāʻid al-Uṣūl. Taqrīrāt Muḥammad ʻAlī Kāẓimī Khurāsānī. Qom: Muʼassasat  al-Nashr al-Islāmī li Jamāʻat al-Mudarrisīn.
Naʻmānī, Muḥammad Riḍā. 2000/1421. Shahīd al-ʼUmmat wa Shāhiduhā. Qom: Markaz al-Shahīdayn al-Ṣadrayn lil Dirāsāt wa al-Buḥūth.
Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 9, Issue 1 - Serial Number 30
Articles
May 2023
Pages 7-40

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 14 February 2021
  • Revise Date: 17 March 2022
  • Accept Date: 19 March 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics