The Effect of Akhbārī Jurisprudential Views on Women’s Lack of Social Presence

Document Type : Research (Fast Track Review)

Authors

1 Student P. hd

2 Associate Professor of Islamic Azad University- Tehran Science and Research Branch

3 Faculty of Jurisprudence and Law, Islamic Azad Universtiy, Science and Research Branch

Abstract

Gaining familiarity with the school of thought of jurists, the cultural atmosphere of society, and their influence on women’s issues throughout history are among the prerequisites for judging the Islamic perspective on women’s issues. One of the influential schools in this field is the Akhbārī School. In this study, an attempt is made to present the effects of the views of Akhbārīs and the political atmosphere of the Safavid era in the field of women’s social participation. Also, it analyzed the scientific and practical behaviour of the Akhbārīs of the Safavid era on women’s confinement at home and examined their jurisprudential views on the prohibition of women’s social presence and encouraging them to stay at home. The issue of women’s participation and banning them from leaving the house was not limited or prohibited in this way before the emergence of Akhbārīs. Akhbārīs, especially Sheikh Ḥurr al-ʻĀmilī, have played a significant role in creating this restriction through fatwās and traditions that are sometimes incorrect. The preference (Istiḥbāb) of keeping women at home, the prohibition (ḥurmat) of seeing non-maḥrams, the unwillingness (kirāhat) to greet women, the unwillingness (kirāhat) to leave the house with the husband’s permission, the preference (istiḥbāb) of women’s spinning, and similar fatwas have affected the restriction of women’s presence and lack of social participation. It should be noted that before Akhbārīs, such chapters and fatwas about the limitations of women’s social presence did not exist or were not so strong in the earlier books.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

تأثیر الآراء الفقهیة للأخباریین على عدم تواجد المرأة فی الساحة الاجتماعیة

Abstract [العربیة]

یعتبر الإلمام بمدرسة فکریة الفقهاء والجو الثقافی للمجتمع وتأثیره على قضایا المرأة عبر التاریخ من شروط الحکم على المنظور الإسلامی لقضایا المرأة.

إحدى المدارس المؤثرة فی هذا المجال هی الندرسة الأخباریة.

یحاول المؤلف فی دراسته هذه عرض آثار آراء الأخباریین والجو السیاسی للعصر الصفوی فی مجال المشارکة الاجتماعیة للمرأة.

نهدف فی هذه الدراسة إلى تحلیل السلوک العلمی والعملی للأخباریین فی الفترة الصفویة على بقاء وقرار المرأة فی البیت ودراسة وجهات نظرهم الفقهیة فی منع حضور المرأة الاجتماعی وتشجیعها على البقاء فی البیت.

لم یکن موضوع مشارکة المرأة ومنعها من الخروج مقیداً أو ممنوعاً بهذا الشکل قبل الأخباریین. وقد لعب الإخباریون ، وخاصة الشیخ الحر العاملی "ره"، دورًا مهمًا فی خلق هذا المنع والتقیید من خلال الفتاوى الروایات غیر الصحیحة فی بعض الأحیان.

کانت للفتاوى مثل: استحباب حبس المرأة فی بیتها أو بیت زوجها، و تحریم رؤیة المرأة الرجل الأجنبی ، وکراهیة إلقاء السلام على المرأة الأجنبیة، وکراهیة الخروج من البیت بإذن الزوج، واستحباب الغزل للمرأة، والفتاوى کهذه أثر کبیر على منع وتقیید حضور المرأة فی المجتمع، والتی لم یکن فی الکتب المتقدمة قبل الأخباریین مثل هذه الأبواب والفتاوی أو لم یکن بهذا التعصب والشدة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • النساء
  • المشارکة الاجتماعیة للمرأة
  • الصفویة
  • الأخباریون
  • الآراء الفقهیة

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Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 9, Issue 3 - Serial Number 32
Articles
July 2023
Pages 101-135

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  • Receive Date: 24 September 2023
  • Accept Date: 25 October 2023

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