A Research into the Scope of the Principle of Sahlah and Samḥah Sharīʻah

Document Type : Research (Normal Review)

Author

markaz feqhi aeme athar

Abstract

The discussion of sahlah and samḥah (taking easy and simple) sharīʻah is important. Because in different eras, especially our era, some have chosen the way of tasāmuḥ and tasāhul (making easy) in religious matters by citing this principle. According to this view, if it is difficult to perform a task, it is not necessary to comply with it, even if it does not cause stricture or harm. On the other hand, some jurists have taken great precautions in fiqh and uṣūl al-fiqh by relying on ʻilm al-ijmālī (collective knowledge), the probability of punishment, the good perception of reality, and such issues. So that, no matter how we interpret it, the sahlah and samḥah sharīʻah will not find a place in fiqh. By examining the evidence that indicates the sahlah and samḥah sharīʻah, it was found in this study that the most correct understanding of the meaning and concept of this principle is that this principle only has an external jurisprudential view. This study is in the position of a general comparison between all the laws of Islām and the laws of other religions and is not in the position of simplifying the rulings. Therefore, based on this principle, it is not possible to disprove rulings that are difficult for the mukallaf (the one charged with a duty), but their difficulty does not reach the level of stricture or harm. The result of this study is used in many old and emerging issues, such as the issue of hijāb, the issue of sex reassignment for those who are not compatible with their apparent gender, or the issue of embryo donation for couples who find it difficult not to have children.

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Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

تأمل فی نطاق قاعدة شریعة السهلة السمحة

Abstract [العربیة]

تعود أهمیة مبحث قاعدة الشریعة السمحة السهلة إلى أنه فی العصور المختلفة، وخاصة عصرنا هذا، اختار البعض أسلوب التسامح والتساهل فی الأمور الدینیة من خلال الاستشهاد بهذه القاعدة.
وفق هذه الرأی إذا کان الإتیان بالتکلیف صعب فلایجب الإلتزام به وإن لم یصل حدّ العسر والحرج.
من جانب آخر، فقد اتخذ بعض الفقهاء احتیاطات کثیرة فی الفقه وأصوله وذلک بالتمسک بالعلم الاجمالی، واحتمال العقاب وحسن إدراک الواقع ومثل هذه المسائل، ومهما فسّرنا الشریعة السهلة السمحة فلن تجد لها مکانا فی الفقه.
یتضح فی هذا المقال بعد دراسة الأدلة التی تدل على سماحة الشریعة الإسلامیة وسهولتها أن الفهم الأصح لمعنى هذه القاعدة ومفهومها هو أن هذه القاعدة لیس لها إلا رأی عام خارج إطار الفقه، وهی فی مقام المقارنة العامة بین مجموع أحکام الإسلام وأحکام الأدیان الأخرى، ولیست فی مقام تسهیل الأحکام.
وبناء على هذه القاعدة، لا یمکن نفی الأحکام التی تشق على المکلف الاتیان بها، ولکن صعوبتها لا تصل إلى حد الحرج أو الضرر.
وتستخدم نتیجة هذه الدراسة فی العدید من المسائل القدیمة والمستحدثة، مثل مسألة الحجاب، أو مسألة تغییر الجنس لمن لا یتوافق مع جنسهم الظاهر، أو مسألة التبرع بالأجنة للأزواج الذین یصعب علیهم عدم إنجاب الأطفال.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • الشریعة
  • السهلة
  • السمحة
  • التسامح
  • التساهل
  • الحرج

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Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 9, Issue 4 - Serial Number 33
Articles
February 2024
Pages 39-68

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 January 2022
  • Revise Date: 30 August 2022
  • Accept Date: 15 November 2023

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