Challenges of Applying Generalities and Absolutes to Resolving New Issues

Document Type : Research (Normal Review)

Author

Assistant Professor of Islamic Jurisprudential Sciences at Research Center Jurisprudence and Law, Islamic Science and Cultural Academy.

Abstract

The fact that the generalities and absolutes of the Quran and Sunnah are the primary sources in inferencing jurisprudential matters is a unanimously agreed-upon principle among jurists.
However, resorting to generalities and absolutes in addressing the newly emerged issues faces some challenges, as they have been used in the early days of Islam when today’s topics were either very different or never existed at all. Therefore, as there is no agreement on whether those words that have been articulated in proportionate to the conventions of that time are inclusive of today’s problems or not, and taking into account the fact that their inclusiveness concerning contemporary examples has, in some cases, even been denied, the issue needs to be studied methodicallyaccording to Fiqh and Usul. This article, thus, set out to examine the challenges and obstacles of using generalities and absolutes for resolving new issues. Providing and analyzing fourteen examples of the existing or discussible obstacles in making use of legal generalities and absolutes is the achievement of this study.
Keywords: Generalities, Absolutes, New Issues, Absoluteness, Generality, Obstacles of inclusiveness.

Keywords

Article Title [العربیة]

تحدیات استخدام العمومات والمطلقات فی المسائل المستحدثة

Abstract [العربیة]

اتفقت کلمة علماء الفقه والأصول على حجیّة عمومات ومطلقات الکتاب والسنة فی عملیة الاستنباط الفقهی، ومع ذلک نجد أنّ الاستعانة بهذه العمومات والمطلقات فی المسائل المستحدثة قد واجهت بعض التحدیات؛ ذلک لأنّ تلک الألفاظ قد استخدمت فی فترة صدر الإسلام، والیوم ظهرت مسائل وموضوعات جدیدة لم تکن موجودة حینها بالمرّة، أو أنّها اختلفت کلیاً عمّا کانت علیه، وبالتالی یُشکل شمول تلک الألفاظ الصادرة فی ذلک الزمان للمصادیق الجدیدة فی هذا العصر التی لم یطّلع الرواة والمستمعون على وجودها، بل وهناک البعض ممن أنکر هذا الشمول، وعلیه یغدو من الضروری دراسة هذا الموضوع دراسة منهجیة بناء على علمی الفقه والأصول.




یتناول هذا البحث دراسة التحدیات والعوائق فی عملیة استخدام العمومات والمطلقات فی المسائل المستحدثة.




وکانت نتیجة البحث بیان ونقد أربعة عشر نموذجا من الموانع الموجودة أو المحتملة فی استخدام العمومات والمطلقات الشرعیة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • العمومات
  • المطلقات
  • المسائل المستحدثة
  • الإطلاق
  • العموم
  • موانع الشمول

Full Text

در دست آماده سازی

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 January 2020
  • Revise Date: 17 March 2020
  • Accept Date: 08 April 2020

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