The Theory of Correlation of Social Obligation with the Approval of Right from the Viewpoint of Āyatollāh ‘Abd al-Karīm Ḥāʼirī-Yazdī

Document Type : Research (Normal Review)

Author

Khorasan Seminary

Abstract

The great researcher Āyatollāh ‘Abd al-Karīm Ḥāʼirī-Yazdī has uṣūlī and fiqhī thoughts, neither excessive rationalism nor unequivocal textualism, but rather has moderate ijtihādī thought. From this point of view, the theory of “the theory of the correlation of social obligation on the approval of right” can be extracted from his ijtihādī thinking. Accepting this theory, Āyatollāh ‘Abd al-Karīm Ḥāʼirī-Yazdī believed that sometimes in issuing a ḥukm (decree) and taklīf (obligation) the observance of another right is considered, thereby it creates rights for another person. By extracting this theory from his academic works and proving it, the author presents the case of “the right of divorce for the wife” to apply this theory. The presented example is obtained and proven by highlighting verse 229 of Sūrah al-Baqarah “then [let there be] either an honourable retention or a kindly release” and the correlation of social obligation with approval of right. Other cases that create rights for the other people by his theory are “the right of the poor” in khums and zakāt and “the right of the person who was absent” in obtaining his satisfaction.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

نظریة تلازم التکلیف الاجتماعی مع ثبوت الحق عند الشیخ عبد الکریم الحائری (حق الطلاق للزوجة نموذجا)

Abstract [العربیة]

یمکن وصف الآراء الأصولیة والفقهیة للمحقق الکبیر الشیخ عبد الکریم الحائری بأنها لیست عقلیة متشددة، ولیست نصیة بلا قید أو شرط، فهو ذو فکر اجتهادی معتدل، وبناء على ذلک یمکننا أن نستخلص من فکره الاجتهادی نظریة "تلازم التکلیف الاجتماعی مع ثبوت الحق"، والشیخ عبد الکریم الحائری إذ تبنّى هذه النظریة فهو یرى اعتبار حق آخر أحیانا فی جعل الحکم والتکلیف، وبالتالی توجب حقا لشخص آخر. وقد اسنتنتج الباحث هذه النظریة وبرهن علیها من مصنفات الشیخ، ومن ثمّ عرض لنموذج علیها وهو "حق الطلاق للزوجة"وفی هذا النموذج یثبت الحق المقصود بالاستنتاج من الآیة الشریفة "إمساک بمعروف أو تسریح بإحسان" ویبرهن على تلازم التکلیف الاجتماعی مع ثبوت الحق، وهناک حالات أخرى یثبت فیها الحق للآخر وفقا لهذه النظریة، ومنها "حق الفقراء" فی الخمس والزکاة، وحق "المُغتَاب" فی تحصیل رضاه.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • تلازم التکلیف الاجتماعی مع ثبوت الحق
  • حق الطلاق للزوجة
  • حق الفقراء
  • حق المُغتَاب

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Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 28
Articles
Special Issue of the Congress of the 100th year of the Re-Establishment of Qom Seminary and Honring Āyatollāh ‘Abd al-Karīm Ḥāʼirī Yazdī
November 2022
Pages 137-157

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History

  • Receive Date: 07 March 2022
  • Revise Date: 30 June 2022
  • Accept Date: 28 August 2022

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