Review of the Rules Concerning Travel Expenses of the Muḍāribah Broker

Document Type : Research (Fast Track Review)

Authors

1 Senior lecturer at Khorasan Seminary and lecturer at Shahid Motahari University, Mashhad, Iran

2 High level lecturer of Khorasan Seminary & Fourth-Level Student at Mashhad Seminary

3 Corresponding Author

10.22034/jrj.2024.68894.2804

Abstract

Muḍāribah is one of the most commonly used contracts under Iranian civil law. A key component of this contract is the muḍāribah broker, who may occasionally need to travel for business purposes. Travel incurs expenses, which differ from the broker’s costs when operating locally. Since Iranian civil law is based on Imāmī jurisprudence, any development or amendment to the law must be grounded in a thorough examination of these jurisprudential foundations. Currently, civil law does not address the issue of travel expenses for muḍāribah brokers. By analyzing and reviewing the opinions of Imāmīyyah jurists, from Shaykh al-Ṭūsī to contemporary scholars, this study aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the matter and proposes changes to civil law.
The findings, proposed as articles and legal notes, are as follows:
Legal Article: The expenses of the muḍāribah broker are determined by the conditions stated in the contract. If no such conditions are specified, the costs are deducted from the business capital.
Notes:

The amount of expenses is determined by ʻurf (custom), and the judge’s decision must be based on the opinion of an expert in line with customary practice.
If the muḍāribah broker terminates the contract with a valid excuse, they have the right to claim travel expenses from the business capital.
If the contract is terminated by the investor, whether or not it is for a valid reason, the broker’s travel expenses are to be taken from the business capital.
In case of cancellation by either the broker or the investor, travel expenses are also deducted from the capital.
If there are multiple investors, the broker’s right to withdraw expenses from the business capital is determined by their performance in relation to each individual investor.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

مراجعة القوانین المتعلقة بالنفقات التی یتحملها العامل فی عقد المشارکة (المضاربة) أثناء أسفاره المتعلقة بالعمل

Abstract [العربیة]

من العقود المتداولة التی تناولها القانون المدنی الإیرانی عقد المضاربة. ومن أرکان هذا العقد المضارب الذی یسافر أحیانًا لإتمام صفقاته التجاریة.
إن للسفر نفقات لا توجد فی التجارة التی تتم فی الحضر و محل الإقامة بالنسبة إلى العامل. وبما أن القانون المدنی مبنی على الفقه الإمامی، فإن أی تعدیل أو تشریع جدید فی هذا الشأن یتطلب دراسة وتحلیل المبانی الفقهیة.
یفتقر القانون المدنی الساری حالیًا إلى مسائل تتعلق بنفقات عامل عقد المضاربة أثناء سفره. وتسعى هذه الدراسة، بناءً على تحلیل واستقصاء آراء الفقهاء الإمامیة منذ عصر الشیخ الطوسی وحتى الفقهاء المعاصرین فی هذا الشأن، إلى الوصول إلى رؤیة دقیقة حول هذه المسألة من أجل إحداث تطویر فی القانون المدنی.
نتائج الدراسة المقترحة کمادة وبنود قانونیة هی:
المادة القانونیة: تحدد نفقات عامل عقد المضاربة وفقًا لما اتفق علیه العاقدان، وإذا لم یوجد اتفاق خاص، فتخصم من رأس المال.
البنود:
أ: ییحدد مقدار النفقات المذکورة أعلاه وفقًا للعرف السائد، ورأی القاضی فی هذا الشأن یکون مبنیًا على رأی الخبیر.
ب: فی حالة انحلال المضاربة من قبل العامل لعذر مقبول، یحق له استرداد نفقاته من رأس المال.
ج: فی حالة فسخ العقد من قبل المُمَوّل، سواء کان لعذر مقبول أو بدون عذر، تسترد نفقات السفر من رأس المال.
د: فی حالة انحلال العقد، سواء کان بسبب المُموّل أو العامل، تسترد النفقات من رأس المال.
هـ: فی حالة تعدد المموّلین، یکون أساس استحقاق العامل لاسترداد نفقاته من رأس المال هو مقدار العمل الذی قام به تجاه کل مُموّل على حدة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • نفقات السفر
  • عامل المضاربة
  • تحقیق الربح
  • رأس مال التجارة
  • تعدد المموّلین
  • انحلال المضاربة

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Islamic Law, Jurisprudence and Methodology
Volume 10, Issue 2 - Serial Number 35
Articles
June 2024
Pages 1-1

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History

  • Receive Date: 23 April 2024
  • Revise Date: 21 August 2024
  • Accept Date: 01 September 2024

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