Uṣūlī Principles Inpired by the Holy Qurʼān

Sadeghifadaki, Seyyed Jaafar

doi:10.22034/jrj.2025.69098.2819

Uṣūlī Principles Inpired by the Holy Qurʼān

Document Type : Figh& Ijtihad

Author

Seyyed Jaafar Sadeghifadaki

Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Islamic Sciences and Culture

10.22034/jrj.2025.69098.2819

Abstract

The science of uṣūl al-fiqh (Islamic legal theory) and its principles play a fundamental role in interpreting the Qurʼān and sunnah, as well as in deriving religious rulings from these primary sources. Indeed, without knowledge of these methodological principles, proper juristic derivation would be unattainable. The origins of this discipline, however, remain contested among both Shīʻah and Sunnī scholars.
While some Sunnī jurists credit Abū Hanīfah as the founder of uṣūl al-fiqh, others attribute its development to al-Shāfiʻī or his students. Conversely, Imāmī scholars maintain that Imām al-Bāqir and Imām al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon them) established this science, with their students serving as its first systematizers.
This study argues that the primary source of uṣūlī principles is in fact the Qurʼān itself, as numerous verses implicitly contain the foundational methodology for legal derivation. The Prophet Muḥammad and the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) were the first to extract these principles from Qurʼānic verses and formulate them for the Muslim community’s use in understanding and deriving rulings from divine texts. Through critical analysis of existing scholarship and presentation of textual evidence, this paper demonstrates the Qurʼān’s substantive inclusion of core uṣūlī principles and methodological rules.
Keywords: Uṣūl al-Fiqh, Qurʼānic authority, Islamic Legal Theory, Juristic Methodology, Derivation of Rulings

Keywords

Main Subjects

Approaches of Jurisprudence and Principles of Jurisprudence

Article Title [العربیة]

القرآن الکریم مصدر إلهام للقواعد الأصولیة

Abstract [العربیة]

لعلم أصول الفقه وقواعده دورٌ کبیرٌ فی فهم القرآن والسنة واستنباط الأحکام الشرعیة من هذین المصدرین، بحیث لا یمکن تحقیق هذا الهدف دون معرفة الأصول والقواعد المذکورة، ولکن یوجد خلافٌ بین العلماء من الفریقین حول منشأ هذا العلم.
یرى بعض فقهاء أهل السنة أنّ أبا حنیفة هو من أنشأ هذا العلم، بینما ینسب البعض الآخر إبداع هذا العلم إلى الشافعی أو تلامیذه.
کما أنّ بعض فقهاء الإمامیة قدّموا الإمامین الباقر والصادق (علیهما السلام) کمُبدِعَین لهذا العلم، واعتبروا تلامذتهما أوّلَ من قام بتدوین هذا العلم، لکنّ الحقّ هو أنّ المنشأ الأوّلیّ لهذا العلم وقواعده هو القرآن الکریم، الذی أودع فی آیاته الکثیرة بعضَ أصول وقواعد هذا العلم، وأنّ رسول الله (صلى الله علیه وآله) وأهلَ البیت (علیهم السلام) هم أوّل من استخرج الأصول والقواعد المذکورة من آیات القرآن الکریم وعرضوها على العالم الإسلامی من أجل فهم واستنباط الأحکام الشرعیة من نصوص التشریع.
فی هذا البحث، بالإضافة إلى بیان وجهات النظر الأولى ونقدها، تمّ إثبات وجهة النظر الأخیرة بتقدیم أدلةٍ متعدّدة، وتمّ تبیین وتقدیم اشتمال هذا الکتاب الإلهی على بعض أصول وقواعد العلم المذکور.

Keywords [العربیة]

القرآن الکریم
علم الأصول
المرجعیة العلمیة للقرآن
سعة القرآن

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