The influence of social changes on the sources of Imami jurisprudence in the Seljuk period

Document Type : Research (Fast Track Review)

Authors

1 PhD student in history at Baqir-ul-Ulum University, Qom, Iran;

2 Assistant Professor, History Department, Baqir-ul-Ulum University, Qom, Iran. mountain.damavand@gmail.com;

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Research Institute for Islamic Sciences and Culture.

Abstract

The science of jurisprudence, as one of the Islamic sciences, is the result of Islamic teachings in the field of individual and social rules and the type of response of jurisprudential elites to the questions of the individual and the Islamic society within the limits of religious duties. Undoubtedly, this science is affected by social developments; Because in every era, social developments have been the starting point for many new jurisprudential questions, the answers of which have been manifested in jurisprudential writings. In such a case, it is necessary to pay attention to the knowledge of the social atmosphere of writing the sources in order to achieve a correct understanding of jurisprudence writings in each period. This issue, in addition to a better understanding of the space in which the author breathed, also leads us to discover the unknown points of the text and the author's intention in writing, as well as the presentation of some unseen issues. The problem that this text pursues is to investigate the influence of the social developments of the Seljuq period on the sources of Imamiyyah jurisprudence and how to observe the invisible issues of these developments in the jurisprudence texts of this period.
The choice of the Seljuk period in the investigation of this matter also goes back to the important social developments of this era; Developments that caused stagnation and then the emergence of ijtihad in it. The findings of this study show that this period is one of the major periods that had an important impact on the type of writings of Imami jurisprudence and despite the reduction of sources, it caused some innovations due to these tensions, which left its effect on jurisprudence sources in the following centuries. This article aims to investigate this issue through a descriptive and analytical method and based on library documents, and examines the role and impact of social developments on the views of the authors of the sources of Imamiyyah jurisprudence and then the landmark jurisprudential books of this period.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

تأثیر التحولات الاجتماعیة على نصوص الفقه الإمامی فی العصر السلجوقی

Abstract [العربیة]

یُعدّ علم الفقه أحد فروع العلوم الإسلامیة، وهو یعکس تعالیم الإسلام المتعلقة بالأحکام الفردیة والاجتماعیة، ویُظهر کیفیة استجابة النخبة الفقهیة لتساؤلات المسلمین الفردیة والجماعیة ضمن نطاق التکالیف الدینیة. لا شک أن هذا العلم یتأثر بالتحولات الاجتماعیة فی کل عصر؛ فالتغیرات الاجتماعیة فی کل فترة تُولّد أسئلة فقهیة جدیدة، تنعکس إجاباتها فی النصوص الفقهیة.
لذلک، من الضروری لفهم دقیق وصحیح للنصوص الفقهیة فی أی عصر، معرفة السیاق والبیئة الاجتماعیة السائدة وقت کتابتها. هذه المعرفة لا تُساعد فقط فی فهم الظروف التی شکلت عقلیة المؤلف، بل تُعیننا أیضًا على کشف الزوایا الخفیة للنص، ونیة المؤلف من الکتابة، والموضوعات غیر الظاهرة المطروحة فی العمل.
تسعى هذه المقالة إلى الإجابة عن التساؤل التالی: ما هو تأثیر التحولات الاجتماعیة فی العصر السلجوقی على المصادر الفقهیة الإمامیة؟ وکیف یمکن تتبع مظاهر هذه التحولات فی النصوص الفقهیة لتلک الفترة؟
یعود سبب اختیار العصر السلجوقی لدراسة هذا الموضوع إلى التحولات الاجتماعیة الواسعة والمؤثرة التی شهدها؛ تحولات أدت فی البدایة إلى رکود ثم مهدت الطریق لازدهار الاجتهاد مرة أخرى فی الفقه الشیعی. تُظهر نتائج هذا البحث أن هذه الفترة کانت من أهم الفترات المؤثرة على أسلوب کتابة النصوص الفقهیة الإمامیة. وعلى الرغم من أننا نجد فی هذه الفترة انخفاضًا فی عدد المصادر الفقهیة، إلا أن هذه الظروف المضطربة قد وفرت بیئة لظهور بعض الابتکارات التی بقیت آثارها فی المصادر الفقهیة للقرون اللاحقة.
تحاول هذه المقالة، بمنهج وصفی-تحلیلی واستنادًا إلى المصادر المکتبیة، دراسة هذه المسألة وتوضیح دور التحولات الاجتماعیة فی تشکیل آراء مؤلفی الفقه الإمامی، وتأثیرها على کتابة الکتب الفقهیة البارزة فی هذه الفترة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • تحولات العصر السلجوقی
  • الکافی
  • المراسم
  • جواهر الفقه
  • السرائر

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Journal of Islamic Law and Jurisprudence
Volume 11, Issue 2 - Serial Number 39
Articles
August 2025
Pages 179-209

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