Comparative Study of the Harm Reduction Rule with the Action Rule

Document Type : Research (Normal Review)

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Jurisprudence Department of Baqer Al-Alum University of Qom

2 Student of Qom Seminary, Master's degree student in International Commercial and Economic Law, University of Tehran

3 Master's student in private law, University of Tehran

Abstract

One of the most practical rules of common law is the rule of mitigation of damages. This rule is not explicitly foreseen in Iranian law and courts face obstacles in citing it in their decisions. This article has tried to adapt this rule to a local rule, namely the "rule of action", in order to show that the conditions for the fulfillment of the elements of the two are the same and even the rule of action is considered the basis of the rule of mitigation of damages. Therefore, the court's decision can be issued based on the rule of mitigation of damages, because such a rule has a precedent in jurisprudence and domestic law and not only does it not contradict them, but in some cOne of the most practical rules of common law is the rule of mitigation of damages. This rule is not explicitly foreseen in Iranian law and courts face obstacles in citing it in their decisions. This article has tried to adapt this rule to a local rule, namely the "rule of action", in order to show that the conditions for the fulfillment of the elements of the two are the same and even the rule of action is considered the basis of the rule of mitigation of damages. Therefore, the court's decision can be issued based on the rule of mitigation of damages, because such a rule has a precedent in jurisprudence and domestic law and not only does it not contradict them, but in some cases the effect of applying this rule can be observed in the words and articles of jurists and legislators.ases the effect of applying this rule can be observed in the words and articles of jurists and legislators.but in some cases the effect of applying this

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Article Title [العربیة]

استعادة مبدأ تخفیف الأضرار فی القانون العام (Common Law) من خلال قاعدة الإقدام فی الفقه الإسلامی

Abstract [العربیة]

تُعدّ قاعدة تخفیف الضرر مفهومًا أساسیًا فی نظام القانون العام (Common Law)، حیث تُلزم المتضرر باتخاذ إجراءات معقولة لمنع تفاقم الأضرار التی لحقت به، وتمنع تعویض الأضرار التی کان من الممکن تجنبها.
فی القانون الإیرانی، أدّى غیاب نص قانونی صریح بشأن هذه القاعدة إلى تحدیات أمام القضاة فی الاستناد إلیها، ما دفعهم للبحث عن أسس مشابهة فی القانون المحلی، ولا سیما فی الفقه الإسلامی.
تهدف هذه الدراسة، من خلال مقاربة تحلیلیة وتطبیقیة، إلى تقدیم کل من قاعدة تخفیف الضرر وقاعدة الإقدام، مع توضیح حالات تطبیقهما عبر أمثلة من أحکام المحاکم الأجنبیة والفقهیة، والنصوص القانونیة فی کلا النظامین.
أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن قاعدة الإقدام فی الفقه الإسلامی، بالاعتماد على مبدأ مسؤولیة الشخص عن نتائج أفعاله، یمکن أن تکون أساسًا متینًا لقبول وتطبیق قاعدة تخفیف الضرر فی القانون الإیرانی.
یُتیح هذا التوافق للقضاة الاستناد إلى قاعدة تخفیف الضرر حتى فی غیاب نص قانونی، مما یُسهم بشکل کبیر فی تعزیز وتحدیث الممارسة القضائیة فی البلاد.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • تخفیف الضرر فی القانون العام
  • قاعدة الإقدام فی الفقه
  • تعویض الضرر

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Journal of Islamic Law and Jurisprudence
Volume 11, Issue 2 - Serial Number 39
Articles
August 2025
Pages 95-122

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