Jurisprudential Feasibility Study on Municipal Monopoly over the Use or Ownership of Municipal Solid Waste

Document Type : Research (Fast Track Review)

Authors

1 External student of Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) Specialized Institute of Jurisprudence

2 Graduated from the external course of the Fiqh Center of the Holy Imams (peace be upon them).

3 Level 3 student at Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) Specialized Institute of Jurisprudence

Abstract

With the expansion of urban societies, waste recycling has become a significant source of revenue, leading to various legal and administrative challenges. One such challenge concerns the ownership of waste. Under new urban management policies, municipalities assert exclusive rights over the use and benefits of waste. Conversely, private companies, arguing for the equal right of all individuals to abandoned property, consider this policy to be in conflict with higher-level legal frameworks and fundamental jurisprudential principles. The central question of this study is whether sharʿī evidence can substantiate the municipality’s exclusive right to ownership or use of waste. 
Using an analytical-descriptive method, this study examines religious evidence from two perspectives: (1) the permissibility and prohibition of taking possession and (2) possession, the right of priority, and ownership of waste bins. The findings indicate that, based on certain jurisprudential principles, it is possible to justify the municipality’s monopoly by applying the doctrine of prohibition and permissibility regarding taking possession. Furthermore, private companies may be restricted from claiming ownership of waste bins by recognizing the municipality’s right of priority or ownership. Finally, the issue is analyzed within the framework of governmental jurisprudence.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

ملکیة النفایات الصلبة – البلدیة – قاعدة الإعراض – الحیازة – حصر الانتفاع – إباحة التصرف.

Abstract [العربیة]

مع تطور المجتمعات الحضریة، أصبح قطاع إعادة التدویر مصدراً هاماً للإیرادات. وقد أدى ذلک إلى ظهور تحدیات جدیدة، من بینها تحدید ملکیة النفایات.
تدعی البلدیة، فی ظل السیاسات الحدیثة لإدارة المدن، أنها الجهة الوحیدة المخولة بالاستفادة من إیرادات النفایات، إلا أن الشرکات الخاصة تعارض هذا الرأی معتبرة أنه یتعارض مع مبدأ المساواة فی الملکیة، ویخالف القوانین والأنظمة العلیا.
السؤال الأساسی هو: هل یمکن إقامة أدلة شرعیة لإثبات انحصار ملکیة أو انتفاع البلدیة بالنفایات؟
وقد تم فی هذه الدراسة تحلیل الأدلة الشرعیة المتعلقة بملکیة النفایات من مسارین: "الإعراض وإباحة التصرف"، و"الحیازة، حق الأولویة، وملکیة صندوق النفایات"، وذلک بالمنهج التحلیلی الوصفی.
وقد أظهرت هذه الدراسة إمکانیة إثبات صحة الرأی القائل بملکیة البلدیة للنفایات من خلال تطبیق بحث الإعراض وإباحة التصرف والحیازة، وذلک بناءً على بعض المبانی الفقهیة. کما یمکن منع الشرکات الخاصة من الحیازة عن طریق القول بحق الأولویة أو الملکیة على صندوق النفایات. وفی النهایة، تمّت دراسة المسألة من منظور الفقه الحکومی أیضاً.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • ملکیة النفایات الصلبة
  • البلدیة
  • قاعدة الإعراض
  • الحیازة
  • حصر الانتفاع
  • إباحة التصرف

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References

  1. Constitution of Iran

    2. *Municipality Law (approved in 1955) and its amendment approved in 1966

    *Civil Code approved in 1935

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Journal of Islamic Law and Jurisprudence
Volume 10, Issue 3 - Serial Number 36
Articles
September 2024
Pages 193-220

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